Indian Polity Notes

Parliamentary Committees Notes Parliamentary Committees help in detailed scrutiny of bills, budgets, policies, and administration. They are essential for legislative efficiency and accountability. What Are Parliamentary Committees? Committees appointed/elected by Parliament. Present reports to Parliament. Function under Speaker (Lok Sabha) or Chairperson (Rajya Sabha). Drawn from both Houses (except a few). Not executive bodies – […]

Parliament Notes Parliament is the supreme legislative body of India. It consists of the President, Rajya Sabha (Council of States), and Lok Sabha (House of the People). Composition of Parliament (Article 79) Component Members President Not a member of either House, but part of Parliament Rajya Sabha Upper House – max strength: 250 Lok Sabha

Cabinet Committees Notes Cabinet Committees are extra-constitutional bodies created to reduce the burden on the Cabinet by dividing work into smaller, manageable parts. Legal Status Feature Detail Constitutional Basis None – Not mentioned in the Constitution Based On Rules of Business, 1961 (under Article 77) Status Extra-constitutional but legitimate Nature Ad-hoc or permanent Types of

Central Council of Ministers Notes The Central Council of Ministers (CoM) is the real executive authority that helps the Prime Minister run the Union Government. It functions under Article 74 and Article 75 of the Constitution. Constitutional Provisions Article Provision Article 74 CoM to aid and advise the President Article 75 Appointment, tenure, responsibility, and

Vice President Notes The Vice President of India is the second-highest constitutional authority and acts as the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. The office is established under Part V (Articles 63-71) of the Constitution. Articles Related to the Vice President Article Provision Article 63 India shall have a Vice President. Article 64 The Vice

Prime Minister Notes The Prime Minister is the real executive authority in India and is the head of the Council of Ministers, the chief advisor to the President, and the leader of the Lok Sabha. Articles Related to the Prime Minister Article Provision Article 74 Council of Ministers headed by PM to aid and advise

President Notes The President of India is the head of state, the supreme commander of the armed forces, and the first citizen of India. The office of the President is established under Part V (Articles 52-78) of the Constitution. Articles Related to the President Article Provision Article 52 There shall be a President of India.

Emergency Provisions Notes The Emergency Provisions are mentioned in Part XVIII (Articles 352-360) of the Constitution. These provisions empower the Central Government to take full control during extraordinary situations to protect national security and stability. Types of Emergencies The Constitution provides for three types of emergencies: Type of Emergency Article Reason Declared by National Emergency

Inter State Relations Notes The Indian Constitution provides a framework for Inter-State Relations to ensure cooperation, prevent disputes, and maintain unity among states. Part XI (Articles 261-263) deals with Inter-State Relations. Constitutional Provisions Related to Inter-State Relations Aspect Articles Purpose Full Faith and Credit Clause Article 261 Ensures legal recognition of public acts, records, and

Centre State Relations Notes The Centre-State Relations define the distribution of powers and responsibilities between the Union Government and the State Governments. Articles Related to Centre-State Relations Part XI (Articles 245-263) of the Constitution deals with Centre-State relations. These relations are divided into three types: Type of Relation Articles Articles Legislative Relations 245-255 Division of