2025 Economy Prelims PYQs

For UPSC aspirants, studying Economy Prelims PYQs (Previous Years’ Questions) is a key step in acing the economy section of the Prelims exam. These questions offer deep insights into recurring topics, significant economic concepts, and key developments in India’s financial landscape. By analyzing Economy Prelims PYQs from recent years, including 2025, candidates can identify trends in areas such as Indian Economic Planning, Fiscal Policy, Monetary Policy, Inflation, Banking Reforms, Government Schemes, and Economic Indicators like GDP and Inflation.

In this post, we’ll dive into the 2025 Economy Prelims PYQs, providing a thorough review of question patterns, emerging focus areas, and critical concepts to emphasize in your preparation. This guide aims to equip you with a strategic approach to tackle economy-related questions effectively, strengthening your overall readiness for the UPSC Prelims.



1. With reference to investments, consider the following:

  1. Bonds
  2. Hedge Funds
  3. Stocks
  4. Venture Capital

How many of the above are treated as Alternative Investment Funds?

  1. Only one
  2. Only two
  3. Only three
  4. All the four



2. which of the following are the sources of income for the Reserve Bank of India?

  1. Buying and selling Government Bonds
  2. Buying and selling foreign currency
  3. Pension fund management
  4. Lending to private companies
  5. Printing and distributing currency notes

Select the correct answer using the code given below.


  1. I and II only
  2. II, III and IV
  3. I, III, IV and V
  4. I, II and V



3. Consider the following statements:

  1. The Reserve Bank of India mandates all the listed companies in India to submit a Business Responsibility and Sustainability Report (BRSR)
  2. In India, a company submitting a BRSR makes disclosures in the report that are largely non-financial in nature.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?


  1. I only
  2. II only
  3. Both I and II
  4. Neither I nor II



4. Consider the following statements:

  1. Statement I: In India, income from allied agricultural activities. like poultry farming and wool rearing in rural areas is exempted from any tax.
  2. Statement I: In India, rural agricultural land is not considered a capital asset under the provisions of the income-tax Act, 1961.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?


  1. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II explains Statement I
  2. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct but Statement II does not explain Statement I
  3. Statement I is correct but Statement II is not correct
  4. Statement I is not correct but Statement II is not correct



5. Consider the following statements:

  1. Statement I: As regards returns from an investment in a company, generally, bondholders are considered to be relatively at lower risk than stockholders.
  2. Statement II: Bondholders are lenders to a company whereas stockholders are its owners.
  3. Statement III: For repayment purpose, bond-holders are prioritized over stockholders by a company.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?


  1. Both Statement II and Statement III are correct and both of them explain Statement I
  2. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement I explains Statement II
  3. Only one of the Statements II and III is correct and that explain Statement I
  4. Neither Statement II nor Statement III is correct



6. Consider the following statements:

  1. India accounts for a very large portion of all equity option contracts traded globally thus exhibiting a great boom.
  2. India’s stock market has grown rapidly in the recent past even overtaking Hong Kong’s at some point of time.
  3. There is no regulatory body either to warn the small investors about the risks of options trading or to act on unregistered financial advisors in this regard.

Which of the statements given above are correct?


  1. I and II only
  2. II and III only
  3. I and III only
  4. I, II and III



7. Consider the following statements:

  1. Capital receipts create a liability or cause a reduction in the assets of the Government.
  2. Borrowings and disinvestment are capital receipts.
  3. Interest received on loans creates a liability of the Government.

Which of the statements given above are correct?


  1. I and II only
  2. II and III only
  3. I and III only
  4. I, II and III



8. Consider the following statements about the Rashtriya Gokul Mission:

  1. It is important for the upliftment of rural poor as majority of low producing indigenous animals are with small and marginal farmers and landless labourers.
  2. It was initiated to promote indigenous cattle and buffalo rearing and conservation in scientific and holistic manner.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?


  1. I only
  2. II only
  3. Both I and II
  4. Neither I nor II



9. Consider the following statements:

  1. Indian Railways have prepared a National Rail Plan (NRP) to create a ‘future ready’ railway system by 2028.
  2. ‘Kavach’ is an Automatic Train Protection system developed in collaboration with German.
  3. ‘Kavach’ system consists of RFID tags fitted on track in station section.

Which of the statements given above are not correct?


  1. I and II only
  2. II and III only
  3. I and III only
  4. I, II and III



10. Suppose the revenue expenditure is ₹80,000 crores and the revenue receipts of the Government are ₹60,000 crores. The Government budget also shows borrowings of ₹10,000 crores and interest payments of ₹6,000 crores. Which of the following statements are correct?

  1. Revenue deficit is ₹20,000 crores.
  2. Fiscal deficit is ₹10,000 crores.
  3. Primary deficit is ₹4,000 crores/

Select the correct answer using the code given below.


  1. I and II only
  2. II and III only
  3. I and III only
  4. I, II and III



11. A country’s fiscal deficit stands at ₹50,000 crores. It is receiving ₹10,000 crores through non-debt creating capital receipts. The country’s interest liabilities are ₹1500 crores.


Which is the gross primary deficit?


  1. ₹48,500
  2. ₹51,500
  3. ₹58,500
  4. None of the above



12. Which of the following statements with regard to recommendations of the 15th Finance Commission of India are correct?

  1. It has recommended grants of ₹ 4,800 crores from the year 2022-23 to the year 2025-26 for incentivizing States to enhance educational outcomes.
  2. 45% of the net proceeds of Union taxes are to be shared with States.
  3. ₹ 45,000 crores are to be kept as performance-based incentive for all States for carrying out agricultural reforms.
  4. It reintroduced tax effort criteria to reward fiscal performance.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.


  1. I, II and III
  2. I, II and IV
  3. I, III and IV
  4. II, III and IV



13. Consider the following statements in respect of RTGS and NEFT:

  1. In RTGS, the settlement time is instantaneous while in case of NEFT, it takes some time to settle payments.
  2. In RTGS, the customer is charged for inward transactions while that is not the case for NEFT.
  3. Operating hours for RTGS are restricted on certain days while this is not true for NEFT.

Which of the Statements given above is/are correct?


  1. I only
  2. I and II
  3. I and III
  4. III only



14. Consider the following statements about ‘PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojna’:

  1. It targets installation of one crore solar rooftop panels in the residential sector.
  2. The Ministry of new and Renewable Energy aims to impart training on installation, operation, maintenance and repairs of solar rooftop systems at grassroot levels.
  3. It aims to create more than three lakhs skilled manpower through fresh skilling, and up-skilling, under scheme component of capacity building.

Which of the statements given above are correct?


  1. I and II only
  2. I and III only
  3. II and III only
  4. I, II and III



15. With reference to India, consider tha following pairs:
Organization – Union Ministry

  1. The National Automotive Board: Ministry of Commerce and Industry
  2. The Coir Board: Ministry of Heavy Industries
  3. The National Centre for Trade Information: Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises

How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?


  1. Only one
  2. Only two
  3. All the three
  4. None



16. Consider the following activities:

  1. Production of crude oil
  2. Refining, storage and distribution of petroleum
  3. Marketing and sale of petroleum products
  4. Production of natural gas

How many of the above activities are regulated by the Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulator Board in our country?


  1. Only one
  2. Only two
  3. Only three
  4. All the four



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