Class 8 History Chapter 5: When People Rebel – 1857 and After Notes The Revolt of 1857, also known as the First War of Independence, was a major uprising against British rule. This chapter examines the causes of the rebellion, including the exploitative policies, economic hardships, and cultural interference by the British. It also covers […]
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Class 8 History Chapter 4: Tribals, Dikus, and the Vision of a Golden Age Notes Tribals in India lived by their own customs and traditions, but British policies disrupted their way of life. This chapter explores how land policies, forest laws, and forced labor led to tribal resistance against the British. The struggles of Santhals,
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Class 8 History Chapter 3: Ruling the Countryside Notes Once the British gained political control, they implemented new revenue and land policies to maximize profits from agriculture. This chapter covers systems like the Permanent Settlement, Mahalwari System, and Ryotwari System, explaining how they affected farmers and landlords. It also highlights Indigo cultivation, the exploitation of
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Class 8 History Chapter 2: From Trade to Territory – The Company Establishes Power Notes The British East India Company started as a trading organization but gradually expanded its control over Indian territories. This chapter explores how the company used wars, diplomacy, and economic policies to establish power, focusing on events like the Battle of
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Class 8 History Chapter 1: How, When, and Where Notes History is not just about dates; it is about understanding how events unfolded, when they happened, and where they took place. This chapter discusses the importance of historical sources, the role of British historians, and how colonialism influenced the recording of history. It also explores
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Class 7 History Chapter 10: Eighteenth-Century Political Formations Notes The 18th century marked a period of political transition in India following the decline of the Mughal Empire. This chapter explores the rise of regional powers such as the Marathas, Rajputs, Sikhs, Jats, and Nawabs of Bengal, Awadh, and Hyderabad. It discusses how these states maintained
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Class 7 History Chapter 9: The Making of Regional Cultures Notes This chapter explores how regional cultures in India evolved over time through a blend of local traditions, languages, religious beliefs, and artistic expressions. It examines the role of regional dynasties, such as the Rajputs, Cholas, and Ahoms, in shaping distinct cultural identities. The influence
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Class 7 History Chapter 8: Devotional Paths to the Divine Notes This chapter explores the Bhakti and Sufi movements in medieval India, which emphasized devotion (bhakti), love for the divine, and spiritual equality. It discusses how various saints and religious leaders, like Kabir, Mirabai, Guru Nanak, and Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, spread messages of love, devotion, and
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Class 7 History Chapter 7: Tribes, Nomads, and Settled Communities Notes This chapter examines the diverse communities that existed in medieval India, focusing on tribal societies, nomadic groups, and settled communities. It highlights the lifestyle, economy, and governance of tribes, their interaction with settled societies, and the impact of agriculture and trade on their development.
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Class 7 History Chapter 6: Towns, Traders and Craftsperson Notes This chapter explores the growth of towns, trade, and crafts in medieval India. It discusses different types of towns, such as temple towns, administrative centers, commercial hubs, and port cities. The role of traders, merchants, and craftspersons in the economy is highlighted, along with their
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