Class 8 History Notes

Class 8 History Chapter 10: India After Independence Notes After gaining independence in 1947, India faced challenges of nation-building, economic planning, and social unity. This chapter explores partition, refugee crisis, the formation of states, and the making of the Indian Constitution. It also covers economic policies, social reforms, and India’s foreign policy, shaping the country’s […]

Class 8 History Chapter 9: The Making of the National Movement : 1870s – 1947 Notes The struggle for India’s independence gained momentum in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. This chapter explores the formation of the Indian National Congress (INC), Swadeshi Movement, Non-Cooperation, Civil Disobedience, and Quit India Movement. It highlights the role

Class 8 History Chapter 8: Women, Caste, and Reform Notes During the 19th century, social reform movements emerged to challenge discriminatory practices against women and lower castes. Reformers like Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, Jyotirao Phule, and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar played key roles in advocating for women’s education, widow remarriage, and caste equality.

Class 8 History Chapter 7: Civilising the “Native”, Educating the Nation Notes The British believed it was their duty to ‘civilize’ Indians through Western education and culture. This chapter explores the debate between traditional Indian learning and British education policies, including the role of Lord Macaulay and indigenous education reformers like Raja Ram Mohan Roy.

Class 8 History Chapter 6: Weavers, Iron Smelters, and Factory Owners Notes This chapter explores the impact of British policies on Indian industries, focusing on weaving, iron smelting, and the rise of factories. It discusses how Indian weavers and blacksmiths faced a decline due to British imports and industrial competition. The chapter also highlights how

Class 8 History Chapter 5: When People Rebel – 1857 and After Notes The Revolt of 1857, also known as the First War of Independence, was a major uprising against British rule. This chapter examines the causes of the rebellion, including the exploitative policies, economic hardships, and cultural interference by the British. It also covers

Class 8 History Chapter 4: Tribals, Dikus, and the Vision of a Golden Age Notes Tribals in India lived by their own customs and traditions, but British policies disrupted their way of life. This chapter explores how land policies, forest laws, and forced labor led to tribal resistance against the British. The struggles of Santhals,

Class 8 History Chapter 3: Ruling the Countryside Notes Once the British gained political control, they implemented new revenue and land policies to maximize profits from agriculture. This chapter covers systems like the Permanent Settlement, Mahalwari System, and Ryotwari System, explaining how they affected farmers and landlords. It also highlights Indigo cultivation, the exploitation of

Class 8 History Chapter 2: From Trade to Territory – The Company Establishes Power Notes The British East India Company started as a trading organization but gradually expanded its control over Indian territories. This chapter explores how the company used wars, diplomacy, and economic policies to establish power, focusing on events like the Battle of

Class 8 History Chapter 1: How, When, and Where Notes History is not just about dates; it is about understanding how events unfolded, when they happened, and where they took place. This chapter discusses the importance of historical sources, the role of British historians, and how colonialism influenced the recording of history. It also explores